Laryngeal papillomatosis is a common disease. A few years ago, the only possible method of treating the problem was surgery, with time, conservative methods of dealing with the disease emerged.
Causes
Throat papillomas appear due to the growth of connective tissue and epithelium. These formations are benign in nature. However, that doesn't mean they should be ignored.
Outwardly, the growths look like ridges of a red or pink hue. Single copies rarely appear. There are often several formations.
They occur on the tongue, directly on the larynx, palate and vocal cords, tonsil arches, pharynx and trachea.
The greatest danger is papillomas located in the throat, which interfere with the normal functioning of the respiratory tract. These are growths in the bronchi and trachea. They lead to serious consequences and complications.
Papillomas appear in the throat if HPV is activated.
This happens under the following conditions:
- the presence of infectious diseases such as scarlet fever, measles;
- reduced immunity;
- polluted atmosphere in the area of residence;
- the presence of chronic diseases of the nose, throat and ears;
- vocal cord tension.
There is the concept of "juvenile papillomatosis". They suffer from small children. With it, several papillomas in the throat close the lumen of the larynx, which interferes with the normal respiratory process.
Adults with HPV in the trachea or bronchi can develop into a malignant tumor, provided there is no treatment. However, even surgical intervention does not guarantee that the formations will not reappear.
Throat papillomas: symptoms
At an early stage, the problem may not manifest itself.
But as the warts grow, symptoms are observed:
- difficult breathing;
- the appearance of hoarseness, coughing for no reason, heaviness in the throat;
- problems with the endocrine system;
- any changes related to the respiratory system;
- cough, accompanied by discharge of sputum or even blood;
- lump in the throat.
In children, throat papillomas can be manifested by symptoms:
- asthma attacks due to edema in the respiratory tract;
- the appearance of shortness of breath;
- difficulties in implementing the respiratory process;
- hoarseness;
- violations in the development of the child.
How can you get infected?
The papillomavirus is transmitted through contact with an infected person.
This can happen in several ways:
- sexual mode. Especially, the risk of contracting papilloma is great for those who lead a promiscuous sex life.
- Domestic mode. When using a towel, blanket, as well as in common areas.
- through a kiss
- In the presence of lesions or micro-cracks.
- autoinfection;
- When passing through the birth canal (from an infected mother to a child).
Who is at risk?
Often, HPV in the throat occurs in children who have infections associated with Organs ENT organs. These include pharyngitis, tonsillitis, tracheitis, purulent otitis media, laryngitis.
The most common throat papillomatosis was among people aged 20 to 45 years.
On the risk factor, a person who has bad habits, constantly experiences stress, leads an unhealthy lifestyle.
There are several indirect factors that can trigger the development of throat papillomas:
- taking hormonal pills;
- live in an area with a high level of air pollution;
- secondhand smoke;
- violations in the care of the oral cavity;
- hormonal failure in the body;
- the presence of hereditary factors;
- stress.
Types of HPV in the Throat
There are many classifications of papillomas that are located in the throat.
This is how the types of the disease are divided according to age:
- Congenital (that is, the infection occurred in the uterus).
- Childish.
- Acquired (during sexual intercourse or domestically).
- Adult.
- Recurrent.
Another division is based on the degree of growth of the papillomas:
- a limited option, when the propagation of formations occurs in a certain area of the gorge;
- common form, when the papillomas are spread all over;
- shutter type. In this case, the growths interfere with the passage of air through the respiratory tract.
According to the state of the respiratory system and the presence of symptomatic manifestations, the disease can be:
- Compensatory first degree. It is characterized by a slight difficulty during inspiration and expiration, the appearance of hoarseness.
- Compensatory second degree. Shortness of breath sets in, the body doesn't have enough oxygen, a constant feeling of anxiety sets in, cold sweat sets in, and the skin starts to turn blue.
- Third degree, when there is a complete cessation of breathing. The patient loses consciousness due to asphyxia.
Depending on the presence of oncogenic properties, throat papilloma can be:
- benign;
- malignant.
Location of papillomas
Neoplasms can be located directly in the throat, in any of its parts or in the larynx. Which ones are dangerous?
These growths that appear in the throat affect the tonsils. There are papillomas on the soft palate or on the side walls. Rarely, formations can be found on the vocal cords. Do not confuse papillomas on the tonsils and traffic jams.
In the second case, there is a taste of pus in the mouth. It is impossible to independently determine what specifically ⏤ is. You need to contact an expert.
If it's a cork, just rinse the problem area. If it is a papilloma on the tonsil, the doctor will prescribe effective therapy. It can be conservative treatment or surgery.
Laryngeal papillomas are dangerous. These growths can interfere with the patient's speech, interfere with the breathing process. It is important that this problem occurs in children.
Due to the fact that the respiratory lumen is significantly reduced, laryngeal papilloma can cause asphyxia, lack of oxygen in the body and death.
Diagnosis of throat papillomas
Before starting treatment for papillomas, the doctor will prescribe several diagnostic measures.
Throat papillomatosis can be detected using:
- Laryngoscopy - the study of the problem area using a special tool laryngoscope.
- Histology - the study of papilloma tissues. Usually done after a tumor has been removed or a biopsy has been performed.
- Microlaryngoscopy - allows you to consider all the nuances of the appearance of education.
- Electroglottography - allows determining the type of papillomas (benign or malignant).
- X-ray - determines how common the throat problem is.
Conservative treatment
Papillomas in the throat area can be treated with conservative methods. The most common method is chemotherapy. It is carried out with the help of drugs, which are based on chemicals.
They are applied to the affected areas, for these purposes they are used:
- Potassium permanganate.
- salicylic acid.
- Silver nitrate salts.
- Sulfuric acid.
- perhydrol.
- Nitric acid.
The cauterization procedure must be performed by a qualified person. There are a number of substances that are banned due to high toxicity for treating children.
Another conservative method is radiotherapy. Its main task is to destroy diseased cells. This modern method has been increasingly used to eliminate papillomas.
Remove tumors in the throat and with the help of radiotherapy. The main advantage of the method is the absence of damage or scarring, rapid healing and exclusion of recurrences.
The doctor prescribes to drink antiviral drugs, recommends taking immunostimulants.
Removal of papillomas in the throat
Experts believe that the only correct and effective treatment option is surgical removal of the papilloma.
For this, the appropriate method is selected:
- laser;
- radio wave method;
- cryodestruction;
- laryngoscopy;
- electrocoagulation.
It is impossible to remove neoplasms on your own. There is a high probability of papilloma lesion. This will cause a rapid degeneration of a benign tumor into a cancerous formation. Only the surgeon will perform the operation successfully.
Surgery to remove tumors in children is contraindicated. This leads to the complete cessation of breathing. These methods are not used in early childhood.
Treatment with folk remedies
There are several folk medicines, with which they can get rid of throat papillomas. They are based on natural herbs and plants. A simple remedy is to eat 1 large spoon of fresh honey daily.
An infusion of bay leaves will help to deal with the problem. They are poured with boiling water and kept in a thermos overnight. During the day, the resulting drug is drunk. The course of treatment with the drug is 2 weeks.
An effective recipe is a mixture of chopped horseradish with honey. The ingredients are taken in equal proportions. You need to take a spoonful of funds a day. The porridge is placed on the tongue, and after a few seconds it is washed off with water.
Since ancient times, people have treated papillomas located in the throat by drinking a decoction of a mixture of bird cherry, thyme, licorice, black currant, raspberry, coltsfoot, and banana. The drug is taken one hour after eating for 3 months.
You cannot treat the problem with folk recipes. The sooner the patient looks for a doctor, the sooner he will receive highly qualified assistance, this will help to avoid consequences.